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Can you pay Fidyah online? Fidyah fasting is a form of fine or penalty imposed on a matured Muslim individual. This fasting penalty is because the person is unable to make up for missed fasts during the month of Ramadan in a particular year until the arrival of the next Ramadan.
9 Things You Must Know About Fidyah Puasa in Malaysia (Complete Guide)
As a Muslim, it is important to know all things related to fidyah such as who is obligated to pay fidyah puasa and how to calculate it. This article will help you understand the concept of fidyah including the calculation of fidyah puasa, how to pay fidyah puasa, and more.
1. Definition of Fidyah
What is fidyah? Essentially, fidyah is something paid to redeem oneself either in the form of wealth or other actions due to a lack in a certain act of worship.
In the context of fasting, fidyah puasa needs to be paid for leaving out obligatory fasting due to certain reasons, or intentionally missing qada puasa (make-up fasts) for Ramadan.
The result of fidyah payment will be handed over to Baitulmal before being distributed to the poor in the form of rice or food supplies.
2. The Ruling of Fidyah Puasa
Fidyah is a form of niyabah (substitution) worship that rewards its performer with blessings. The ruling of paying fidyah puasa is OBLIGATORY according to the number of days missed.
By paying fidyah puasa, it does not mean that you do not have to make up for the missed fasts. Fasts still need to be made up according to the number of days missed. It also becomes a debt or responsibility to Allah SWT if it is not carried out.
3. Fidyah Payment Rates According to States in Malaysia
The rate of fidyah puasa payment varies according to the state. The rate of fidyah payment for each day of missed obligatory fast is a quarter bushel of rice that can be made into zakat fitrah (1/4 Baghdad gantang).
In the form of monetary valuation based on the fidyah payment rate set by the Federal Territories Islamic Religious Council, a quarter bushel of rice is equivalent to 600 grams at a rate of RM4.
You can refer to the payment rate schedule below to find out the fidyah payment rate according to your state.
| State | Fidyah Rate (RM) |
| Kedah | 1.80 |
| Perlis | 5.00 |
| Pulau Pinang | 1.75 |
| Perak | 1.80 |
| Selangor | 1.80 |
| Wilayah Persekutuan | 4.00 |
| Negeri Sembilan | 1.75 |
| Melaka | 1.80 |
| Johor | 1.75 |
| Pahang | 1.75 |
| Terengganu | 1.75 |
| Kelantan | 1.75 |
| Sarawak | 1.75 |
| Sabah | 1.75 |
4. Calculation of Fidyah Puasa: How to Calculate Fidyah Puasa
To better understand the calculation method of fidyah puasa, you can follow the examples based on the following situations:
i. Non-Multiplying Fidyah Payment
Faridah did not fast for seven days due to menstruation during Ramadan in 2017 (1438H). Faridah did not qada fast until the following Ramadan (1439H).
Calculation Formula: Number of Days Not Fasting x Fidyah Rate According to State 7 days x RM4 = RM28
ii. Multiplying Fidyah Payment
What is Multiplying Fidyah? When an individual does not fast and does not qada fast for several years, some states require multiplying the fidyah payment. This means that the fidyah rate must be multiplied by the number of years not fasting. Refer to the example below:
Faridah has not yet made up for her fasts until several following Ramadan years. She did not fast for seven days in Ramadan 2017 (1438H) and has not made it up until Ramadan 2020 (1441H). Faridah is able to multiply her fidyah payment.
Calculation Formula: (Number of Days Not Fasting x Fidyah Rate According to State) x Number of Years Not Fasting (7 days x RM4) x 3 Years = RM84
Based on the situation above, if the fast was missed in 2017 (1438H), the calculation of the fidyah payment starts from 2018 (1439H) until 2020 (1441H). The year 2017 (1438H) is not included in the fidyah calculation because it is still within the period for qada fasting and has not yet entered the next Ramadan.
| List of States with Multiplying Fidyah |
|
| List of States with Non-Multiplying Fidyah |
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5. Fidyah Online Calculator
The rate of fasting fidyah is calculated based on the price of one unit of rice (a staple food of the people) at the current market rate. This rate also changes according to the prices set by the government in a particular location.
The rice should be given as food to the poor and needy and not in the form of cash, clothing, or other items. To assist you in calculating your fidyah rate, here is a list of 2023 fidyah calculators by state:
- Calculator fidyah Kedah;
- Calculator fidyah Perak;
- Calculator fidyah Pahang;
- Calculator fidyah Selangor;
- Calculator fidyah Johor;
- Calculator fidyah Kelantan;
- Calculator fidyah Negeri Sembilan;
- Calculator fidyah Sarawak;
- Calculator fidyah Terengganu;
- Calculator fidyah Melaka.
6. The Group Subject to Fidyah
There are several groups subject to Fidyah as a result of not fasting during Ramadan:
i. Sick people without Hope of Recovery
Individuals who cannot fast due to incurable illnesses or elderly individuals who are unable to fast, or both. This group is not required to make up the missed fasts but must pay Fidyah for that year.
Kiraan Fidyah Puasa
Haji Ali has diabetes and is unable to fast due to dialysis during Ramadan. Fidyah can be paid starting from the beginning of Ramadan.
Calculation Formula: Number of Days Not Fasting x Fidyah Rate for the Current Year = Fidyah Payment
30 days x RM4.00 = RM120
ii. Pregnant or Nursing Women Concerned for Their Health
Pregnant women or nursing women who do not fast during Ramadan due to concerns for their own health must make up the missed fasts. This group is not required to pay Fidyah. However, if they have not made up the missed fasts until the next Ramadan, they must pay Fidyah because they are late in making up the missed fasts.
Fidyah Calculation
Ms. Sabrina is unable to fast for 10 days during Ramadan due to severe morning sickness while pregnant. The baby is healthy, but her health is affected and she is only able to make up her missed fasts three years later.
Calculation Formula: Number of Days Not Fasting x Fidyah Rate for the Current Year = Fidyah Payment
10 hari x RM4.00 = RM40
iii. Pregnant or Nursing Women Concerned for the Safety of Their Fetus or Nursing Child
Mothers who do not fast during Ramadan because they are still nursing their child and are concerned about the harm it may cause the baby, or pregnant women concerned about their pregnancy, are required to make up the missed fasts and pay Fidyah as soon as Ramadan ends for that year.
Fidyah is charged because Ms. Jaslin did not fast due to concern for her child’s safety. If Ms. Jaslin has not made up her missed fasts until the next Ramadan, she will be charged a late Fidyah for making up her missed fasts.
Fidyah Calculation
Throughout her pregnancy, Ms. Jaslin was unable to fast for seven days during Ramadan due to fear of miscarriage and concerns for her unborn baby’s condition.
Calculation Formula: Number of Days Not Fasting x Fidyah Rate for the Current Year = Fidyah Payment
7 days x RM4.00 = RM28
iv. People who Pass Away
For individuals who have passed away and were unable to make up their missed fasts, the heirs must pay the Fidyah according to the number of days missed.
If the deceased had no assets, the heirs may use their own assets to pay the Fidyah. However, if the deceased had assets, the payment of Fidyah for the missed fasts must be made before the distribution of the inheritance.
Not paying Fidyah for missed fasts is a sin. If the Fidyah is not paid, it will be a debt owed to Allah SWT and will be demanded in the afterlife.
Fidyah Calculation
Mr. Ahmad was an elderly person who had been sick for many years. He was unable to fast during Ramadan and passed away on the 13th of Ramadan.
Calculation Formula: Number of Days Not Fasting x Fidyah Rate for the Current Year = Fidyah Payment
13 days x RM4 = RM52
v. Individuals Who Deliberately Do Not Fast During Ramadan
Individuals who delay their missed fasts until the following Ramadan will be subject to a fine called fidyah. In addition, they are OBLIGATED to make up for the missed fasts. The amount of the fidyah payment will increase depending on the number of years the fasts were missed.
Fidyah Payment Rate for Fasting
Mr. Syed was unable to fast for three days during Ramadan due to his tough job. He only made up his fasts after 10 years.
Calculation formula: (Number of Missed Days x Current Year’s Fidyah Rate) x Number of Years Missed = Fidyah Payment
(3 days x RM4) x 10 years = RM120
| Qada Fasting | Payment of Fidya for Fasting | |
| Not mandatory to replace the missed fasts, but it is obligatory to pay fidyah | ||
| Elderly people who are unable to fast due to weakness and infirmity. |
✗ |
✓ |
| A sick person with no hope of recovery |
✗ |
✓ |
| Obligatory to make up for missed fasting days, but not obligated to pay fidyah | ||
| A woman who is breastfeeding and is worried about her safety if she fasts. |
✓ |
✗ |
| A pregnant woman who is worried about her safety if she fasts. |
✓ |
✗ |
| A traveler who breaks the fast because of traveling. |
✓ |
✗ |
| A sick person who is unable to fast and then makes up for the missed fast later. |
✓ |
✗ |
| Must make up for missed fasting days and pay Fidyah | ||
| Pregnant women who are concerned about the safety of their pregnancy if they fast. |
✓ |
✓ |
| Women who do not fast due to concerns about their safety while pregnant or breastfeeding and do not make up for missed fasts until the next Ramadan. |
✓ |
✓ |
| Women who breastfeed and are concerned about the safety of their baby if they fast during Ramadan. |
✓ |
✓ |
| Women who experience menstruation and are unable to fast, and do not make up the missed fasts before the next Ramadan. |
✓ |
✓ |
| Individuals who delay making up missed fasts until the next Ramadan. |
✓ |
✓ |
7. Ways to Pay Fidyah for Fasting
How do you pay fidyah for fasting? Basically, fidyah for missed Ramadan fasts can be paid through the following three ways:
i. Pay Fidyah in Cash
Fidyah payment for missed fasts can be made directly at the respective religious office or state zakat office.
ii. Pay Fidyah for Fasting Online 2023
Fidyah payment can also be made through the e-zakat platform of the respective State Islamic Religious Council. You can refer to the following link to pay fidyah online:
- Pay fidyah online Perak;
- Pay fidyah online Selangor;
- Pay fidyah online Kedah;
- Pay fidyah online Pahang;
- Pay fidyah online Pulau Pinang;
- Pay fidyah online Terengganu;
- Pay fidyah online Melaka;
- Pay fidyah online Johor;
- Pay fidyah online Kelantan;
- Pay fidyah online Sabah;
- Pay fidyah online Negeri Sembilan;
- Pay fidyah online Sarawak.
iii. Paying Zakat through Maybank2U
This online method of paying fidyah can only be used for zakat centers or State Islamic Religious Councils that have activated fidyah payment via Maybank2U:
- Log in to your Maybank2U account;
- Then, click on Bill Payment and click on Make A One-Off Payment;
- Click on Zakat & Charity;
- Select the Zakat/Fidyah Collection Center of your respective state;
- Select Fidyah and enter the payment amount according to the calculation of your respective fidyah.
8. When to Pay Fidyah
When should fidyah for fasting be paid? The scholars agree that fidyah for fasting should be paid as soon as the particular worship cannot be completed. However, it is not limited to a specific period of time.
Nevertheless, it is encouraged to hasten the payment of fidyah for fasting, as it is feared that it cannot be performed if delayed. Individuals who delay making up their missed fasts until the next Ramadan must pay fidyah (multiplied according to the number of missed years) and make up the missed fasts.
9. Who is Eligible to Receive Fidyah Puasa?
To whom should fidyah be paid? The eligible recipients of fidyah are the poor and needy. The poor and needy refer to those who do not have sufficient wealth to meet their daily needs.
However, a question arises as to whether fidyah can be settled by paying it to one’s own family members? According to the Mufti of the Federal Territory, the payment of fidyah or zakat is not valid and must be repaid if it is paid to family members under one’s financial responsibility, such as parents and upwards, or children, grandchildren, and downwards.
However, if fidyah puasa is paid to family members who are not under one’s financial responsibility, such as siblings, parents’ siblings, it is better and should be given priority.
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